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3.Words and associative meaning 3.1 Words and connotative meaning book:C:contain knowledge and wisdom for people,youth must learn E:it express ideas for people to consider,to agree or disagree,and to comment Sexy:C:connotes loose sex morality E:it is a positive human quality Old,young:C:young means inexperienced,and inconsistent.Old means mature,skilled and experienced. E:young means flexible,vigorous,and creative.Old means traditional,senile,and useless. Dog:C:is very pejorative. E:it can even be considered as a family member. Peasant:C:doesn’t have derogatory connotations. E:it has derogatory Landlord,capitalist,boss:C:are pejorative in Chinese E:not Comrade:C:connotes warmth,friendliness and equality E:means spies of the Soviet Union Ambitious,aggressive:C:it is pejorative E:it is considered good qualities and both positive in meaning. Self-made man:C: E:it is positive term.Connoting lack of financial foundation and influential connections. Individualism:C:it is means selfishness E:it is positive term Propaganda:C:it is a neutral term. E:it is a pejorative term in English Do-gooder:C:it is means unselfish and helpful E:it is a pejorative term in English Spiritual:C:it hasn’t this means in Chinese. E:it has religious connotation. 3.2 Words and social meaning British English:spoken in the U.K,Australia,New Zealand,West Indian Isles American English:spoken in the North America. BrE AmE Chinese Brooch Breastpin 胸针 Mackintosh Raincoat 雨衣 Sweet Candy 糖果 Flat Apartment 公寓 Pail Bucket 水桶 Cellar Basement 地下室 Tap Faucet 水龙头 Timetable Schedule 时间表 Booking office Ticket office 售票处 Autumn Fall 秋天 torch flashlight 手电筒 BrE AmE Chinese Scone biscuit 软饼 Biscuit Cracker 饼干 Cracker Firecracker 爆竹 Corn Grain 谷物 Maize Corn 玉米 Jumper Sweater 毛线衣 Blouse Jumper 短套衫 Vest Undershirt 汗衫 Waistcoat Vest 背心 Purse Change purse 钱包 Handbag Purse 手提包 Truck Flatcar 铁路平板车 Lorry Truck 卡车 Shop Store 商店 store Warehouse 货栈 From English From French Meaning in Chinese Answer reply 回答 Rest Repose 休息 Room Chamber 房间 Bear Endure 忍受 Woods Forest 树林 Gift Present 礼物 Love Affection 爱情 House Mansion 房子 King Sovereign 国王 Wish Desire 愿望 make Create 创造 There are also many triples of synonyms in Englsih. From English From French From Latin Meaning in Chinese Weak feeble Fragile 软弱 Size Caliber Magnitude 大小 Empty Devoid Vacuous 空的 End Finish Complete 结束 Rise Mount Ascend 上升 Ask Question Interrogate 问 Belly Stomach Abdomen 胃、腹 Fire Flame Conflagration 火 Time Age Epoch 时代 Die Pass Decease 死 count Calculate compute 算 English has been closely related to Latin as well.They borrowed dozens of words from Latin words entered English.Of course,sets of synonyms in English are not limited to the pairs and triples discussed above. 3.3 Words and affective meaning sexy,young,dog,ambitious,aggressive,self-made man,individualism,equalitarianism or egalitarianism are positive in English,but pejorative in Chinese Landlord,capitalist,boss,free love are pejorative in Chinese,but neutral in English
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