重庆自考英语专业：05844国际商务英语复习题资料（6）

VI. Translate the following into Chinese.

40. Most multinational corporation are made up of vast numbers of foreign subsidiaries, companies in which over 50 percent is owned by the parent company. like all corporations, MNCs are organized according to the goals they set for themselves. They strive to retain access to the necessary resources: raw material, manpower, and capital.

40.多数跨国公司都是由很多国外子公司组成的，母公司拥有子公司50%以上是的股份。如所有公司一样，跨国公司也是按照它们的目标来组织的。它们努力得到必要的资源：原料,劳动力,资金.

VI. Translate the following into Chinese.

40.In the second half of the twentieth century, international business has become an important economic force. Today few, if any, countries are economically self-sufficient. Even China, with its vast human and natural resources, has not been able to remain aloof from the world economy. In the United States, international business touch people's lives daily. Common goods and services such as Shell gasoline stations, etc., often identified with the United States, are, in fact, foreign owned.

41. International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services. Other international business activities include marketing, manufacturing, mining, and farming. In sum, international business is all the practices a business in a single country does, but at the international level.

40.20世纪的后半叶，国际商务成了推动经济发展的重要力量。在当今世界，极少有什么国家能够在经济上实现自给自足。即使是像中国这样有着丰富人力和自然资源的国家，也不能孤立于世界经济之外。在美国，国家商务与人们的日常生活休戚相关。一些常见货物和服务，例如壳牌加油站，通常认为是美国的，实际上为外国所拥有。

41.国家商务是两国或更多国家间进行的商务活动，包括买卖货物和服务。其他国际商务形式还包括：营销，制造，采矿和农业。总之，国际商务包括一个国家内进行的所有的商务活动，只不过这些活动是在国际间进行的。

40. Economic activities began with the caveman, who was economically self-sufficient. As the primitive population grew and developed, the principle of division of labor evolved. one person was more able to perform some activity than anther, and therefore each person concentrated on what he did best.

41. international trade is the exchange of goods between nations. It took place for many reasons. The first is that no nation has all of the commodities that it needs. Countries that lack some resources within their own boundaries must buy from countries that export them. Second, a country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs and has to import some to satisfy its requirement.

40经济活动是由穴居人开始的，他们在经济上自给自足。随着原始人口的增长和发展，劳动分工的原则逐渐产生发展。一个人比另一个人更有能力完成一些活动，因而每个人集中精力干他最能干的事。

41.国际贸易是国家之间进行的商品交换。它的产生有许多原因。首先，没有一个国家能够生产它所需要的全部成品。自己的国内缺少某些资源的国家必须从那些出口该资源的国家购买。第二，一个国家往往没有足够多的某些产品来满足其所需，而必须进口一些来满足需要。

VI. Translate the following into Chinese.

41. MFN means most-favored-nation which is a tariff treatment. It is bilaterally given and provides for the lowest tariff in the tariff code. It is important to understand that the term most-favored-nation gives the impression that the tariffs involved are the lowest , it is in fact not the case，

42. MFN is not really special but is but normal trading status. GSP (generalized system of preferences ) established even lower tariffs than MFN. As a matter of fact the United States has granted MFN status to all but a few countries. MFN only gives a country the lowest tariffs in the tariff's schedule, but it is still possible to have lower tariffs.

41.MFN意思是最惠国待遇，是一种关税待遇。它在税则中由双方给予和提供最低关税。最惠国待遇给人的印象是享受的关税是最低的，实际上情况并非如此，了解这点很重要。

42.它并不是真正的特殊待遇，而只是正常的贸易地位。普惠制所确定的关税要比最惠国待遇低。事实上，除少数国家外，美国已给予所有国家最惠国待遇地位。最惠国待遇只是给予一国税则中的最低关税，但仍有可能享受更低的关税。

VI. Translate the following into Chinese.

41. A contract is an agreement by which two parties mutually promise to buy or sell some products. An executed contract is one that has been fully carried out by both parties. An executory contract is one that is yet to be performed.

42. In practice, some informal contracts may be reached orally. This is understandable, but may lead to unfortunate consequences. A reasonable exporter should at least insist on strict observance of the legal requirements in case of orders that are not routine transactions.

41.一份合同是买卖双方共同保证买卖某些产品的协定。Executed Contract 是双方已执行的合同。Executory Contract是将来要执行的合同。

42.在商业行为中，有些非正式合同是口头达成的。这是可以理解的，但可能酿成严重后果。一个明智的出口商至少应在遇到非常寻常的订货时坚持要求按法规履行。

VI. Translate the following into Chinese.

41. In choosing a transportation mode for a particular product, shippers consider as many as six criteria: speed, frequency, dependability, capability, availability and cost. Thus if a shipper seeks speed, air and truck are the prime contenders. If the goal is low cost, then water and pipeline are the prime contenders.

42. Shippers are increasingly combining two or more transportation modes, thanks to containerization, containerization consists of putting the goods in boxes or trailers that are easy to transfer between two transportation modes. Each coordinated mode of transportation offers specific advantages to the shipper. For example, piggyback is cheaper then trucking alone and yet provides flexibility and convenience.

41.为了给某种产品选定一种运输方式，货主要考虑六个问题：速度，频率，可靠性，能力，便利性和成本。这样，若货主要求速度，空运和汽车运输是首要选择。如果目标是低成本，那么水运和管道运输最好。

42.由于集装箱化的发展，货主越来越多地将两种或更多的运输方式结合在一起。集装箱化是指将货物装入便于在两种运输方式互换的箱子里或拖车上。每种联运都为货运人提供了某些便利。例如铁路---公路联运要比完全汽车运输便宜而且灵活更方便。