重庆自考00315当代中国政治制度复习重点六

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        11. Aestheticism（美学主义）

        The basic theory of the Aesthetic movement—— “art for art‘s sake” was set forth by a French poet， Theophile Gautier， the first Englishman who wrote about the theory of aestheticism was Walter Pater.

        2> aestheticism places art above life， and holds that life should imitate art， not art imitate life.

        3> According to the aesthetes， all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective. Art should be free from any influence of egoism. Only when art is for art‘s sake， can it be immortal. They believed that art should be unconcerned with controversial issues， such as politics and morality， and that it should be restricted to contributing beauty in a highly polished style.

        4> This is one of the reactions against the materialism and commercialism of the Victorian industrial era， as well as a reaction against the Victorian convention of art for morality‘s sake， or art for money’s sake.

        美学运动的基本原则“为艺术而艺术”最初由法国诗人西奥费尔。高缔尔提出，英国运用该美学理论的第一人是沃尔特。佩特。美学主义崇尚艺术高于生活，认为生活应模仿艺术，而不是艺术模仿生活。在美学主义看来，所有的艺术创作都是绝对主观而非客观的产物。艺术不应受任何功利的影响，只有当艺术为艺术而创作时，艺术才能成为不朽之作。他们还认为艺术不应只关注一些热点话题如政治和道德问题，艺术应着力于以华丽的风格张扬美。这是对维多利亚工业发展时期物质崇拜的一种回应，也是向艺术为道德或为金钱而服务的维多利亚传统的挑战。

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